Class 12 CBSE 

Economics is a Subject that includes both subjective content and objective questions. In order to understand Class 12 Economics, you need to have an in-depth understanding of concepts. In such a case Class 12 Economics Course can be your go-to place.

Economics for Class 12 is an enhanced level of Class 11. In previous classes, we study the basic fundamental aspects of the subject. In Class 12 it is an advanced degree of those concepts. 

Term 1 CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus with Marks Distribution 2021-22

Economics
Class – XII (2021-22)

Theory: 40 Marks
Time: 90 minutes

Part A: Introductory Macroeconomics

Unit 2: Money and Banking

Money – meaning and supply of money – Currency held by the public and net demand deposits held by commercial banks.
Money creation by the commercial banking system.
The central bank and its functions (example of the Reserve Bank of India): Bank of issue, Govt. Bank, Banker’s Bank.

Unit 4: Government Budget and the Economy

Government budget – meaning, objectives and components.
Classification of receipts – revenue receipts and capital receipts; classification of expenditure – revenue expenditure and capital expenditure.
Measures of government deficit – revenue deficit, fiscal deficit, primary deficit their meaning.

Unit 5: Balance of Payments

Balance of payments account – meaning and components; balance of payments deficit meaning.
Foreign exchange rate – meaning of fixed and flexible rates and managed to float.

Part B: Indian Economic Development

Unit 6: Development Experience (1947-90) and Economic Reforms since 1991

A brief introduction of the state of the Indian economy on the eve of independence.
Indian economic system and common goals of Five Year Plans.

Main features, problems and policies of agriculture (institutional aspects and new agricultural strategy), industry (IPR 1956; SSI – role & importance) and foreign trade.

Economic Reforms since 1991:
Features and appraisals of liberalisation, globalisation and privatisation (LPG policy); Concepts of demonetization and GST

Unit 7: Current challenges facing the Indian Economy

Poverty- absolute and relative; Main programmes for poverty alleviation: A critical assessment.
Human Capital Formation: How people become resource; Role of human capital in economic development.
Rural development: Key issues – credit and marketing – the role of cooperatives; agricultural diversification.

Term 2 CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus with Marks Distribution 2021-22

Economics
Class – XII (2021-22)

Theory: 40 Marks
Time: 2 Hrs

Part A: Introductory Macroeconomics

Unit 1: National Income and Related Aggregates

What is Macroeconomics?
Basic concepts in macroeconomics: consumption goods, capital goods, final goods, intermediate goods; stocks and flows; gross investment and depreciation.
Circular flow of income (two-sector model); Methods of calculating National Income –
Value Added or Product method, Expenditure method, Income method.
Aggregates related to National Income:
Gross National Product (GNP), Net National Product (NNP), Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Net Domestic Product (NDP) – at market price, at factor cost; Real and Nominal GDP.
GDP and Welfare

Unit 3: Determination of Income and Employment

Aggregate demand and its components.
Propensity to consume and propensity to save (average and marginal).
Short-run equilibrium output; investment multiplier and its mechanism.
Meaning of full employment and involuntary unemployment.
Problems of excess demand and deficient demand; measures to correct the – changes in government spending, taxes and money supply through Bank Rate, CRR, SLR, Repo Rate and Reverse Repo Rate, Open Market Operations, Margin requirement.

Part B: Indian Economic Development

Unit 7: Current challenges facing the Indian Economy

Employment: Growth and changes in the workforce participation rate in formal and informal sectors; problems and policies
Infrastructure: Meaning and Types: Case Studies: Health: Problems and Policies – A critical assessment.
Sustainable Economic Development: Meaning, Effects of Economic Development on Resources and Environment, including global warming

Unit 8: Development Experience of India

A comparison with neighbours
India and Pakistan
India and China
Issues: economic growth, population, sectoral development and other Human
Development Indicators